By C. Wetmore
This key includes all "Gasparrinina" (and some that are not Gasparrinias) I have
studied. It is preliminary and subject to frequent revision. See also the forthcoming
paper in Bryologist concerning a treatment of the group including several new
species. Some species often treated as Gasparrinias (eg., the "squamosa" group)
are excluded. The treatment of this group was in collaboration with Ingvar Karnefelt.
American species are in bold.
1. Thallus subfruticose
.........................................................................................................
2
1. Thallus long lobed or squamulose
..................................................................................... 4
2. Thallus lobes short (3-6 mm), basal parts dark (black), not
maritime, medulla I+ blue
.......................................................................................................................... C. cladodes
2. Thallus lobes longer (5-10 mm), maritime, medulla I-
..................................................... 3
3. Thallus orange, coarse, lobes 0.3-0.5 mm diam., pseudocyphellae
obvious, sunken, thallus smooth
........................................................................................................
C. thamnodes
3. Thallus yellow orange, fine, lobes 0.2-0.3 mm diam.,
pseudocyphellae absent or less obvious, thallus rough with lumps
.............................................................................. C. coralloides
4. Thallus with soredia, isidia, papillae or phyllidia
.............................................................. 5
4. Thallus without soredia, isidia, papillae or phyllidia
....................................................... 16
5. Fine soredia present
......................................................................................................
6
5. Fine soredia absent, with isidia, papillae or phyllidia
...................................................... 11
6. Thallus with very small lobes, 0.2-0.5 mm long, 0.1-0.2 mm
wide), lobes scattered and not forming continuous thallus, soralia scattered
.................................................... C. obliterans
6. Thallus with larger lobes, lobe contiguous and forming distinct
thallus, soralia delimited and distinct
..............................................................................................................................
7
7. Soralia crateriform, laminal, eroding
........................................................... C.
cupulifera
7. Soralia not crateriform, marginal or erupting from center of thallus
.................................. 8
8. Soralia laminal
..............................................................................................................
9
8. Soralia terminal
..........................................................................................................
10
9. Lobes very short (0.5-1 mm long), soralia same color as thallus,
soralia irregular in shape
.........................................................................................................................
C. proteus
9. Lobes longer (102 mm long), soredia yellowish green when fresh,
soredia erupting from surface of thallus
....................................................................................................
C. cirrochroa
10. Thallus moderate in diam. (5-20 mm or more), lobes broad (0.5-1mm)
...... C. decipiens
10. Thallus small in diam. (1-2 mm), lobes narrow (0.2-0.5 mm)
............. C. stellata sp. nov.
11. Globose isidia present, lobes strongly convex
......................................................... 12
11. Papillae or phyllidia present, lobes flat at tips
.......................................................... 14
12. Lobes long (1-3 -5 mm), cortex not paraplectenchymatous
................ C. verruculifera
12. Lobes short (0.5-1 mm), cortex paraplectenchymatous
.......................................... 13
13. Isidia globose, inland species
................................................................. C. granulosa
13. Isidia coralloid, maritime species
...................................................... C. isidiosa group
14. Isidioid phyllidia from cracks in thallus
............................................. C. ochraceofulva
14. Papillate or phyllidiate
...........................................................................................
15
15. Thallus with small laminal papillae, lobes thin (87-101) µm
..................... C. brouardii
15. Thallus with phyllidia on central areoles, lobes thick (175- 240) µm
.... C. texana sp. nov.
16. Thallus usually heavily white pruinose, internal areoles well
developed to near the margin
.........................................................................................................
C. galactopohylla
16. Thallus not pruinose or only slightly so
.................................................................. 17
17. Lobes flat and thin, laterallly touching, tips lighter yellow,
internal areoles not well developed
..................................................................................................................................
18
17. Lobes thick, somewahat convex, tips white pruinose, internal areoles
well developed to near the margin
.......................................................................................................................
19
18. Spores citriform, European
..................................................................... C. aurantia
18. Spores not citriform, N. American
..............................................................
C. eugyra
19. Thallus uplifted from substrate, with lower cortex
........................ Xanthoria elegans
19. Thallus attached to substrate, not uplifted
............................................................. 20
20. Thallus with thick, convex, long (2-5 mm), wide (0.5-1 mm),
linear, warty lobes
.............................................................................................................. C. trachyphylla
20. Thallus with narrow or shorter, smooth lobes
........................................................ 21
21. Occurring only on littoral or maritime rocks, thallus with very
narrow, short, convex lobes
..................................................................................................................................
22
21. Not restricted to littoral or maritime rocks, thallus with moderate
width lobes ......... 24
22. Cortex paraplectenchymatous, lobes not much more than
granules .... C. microthallina
22. Cortex of anticlinal hyphae, lobes distinct
............................................................. 23
23. Found along coast of western N. Amer.
.................................................... C.brattiae
23. Found along coast of eastern N. Amer.
.................................................. C.
scopularis
24. Lobes and areoles with light colored spots, lobes short and
broad ........... C. gloriae
24. Lobes and areoles without light colored spots
...................................................... 25
25. Apothecia originating immersed near tips of lobes,
lobes short, thallus small ...... 26
25. Apothecia mostly in center of thallus, lobves and thallus
larger ............................ 28
26. Cortex paraplectenchymatous, algae continuous
.................................................. 27
26. Cortex not paraplectenchymatous, algae in clumps
................................ C. scrobiculata
27. Growing on bark or wood ................................... C.
lobulata, polycarpoides, persica
27. Growing on rock ............................................ C. saxicola (+ biatorina, baumgartneri)
28. Lobes convex, not broadening at tips
.................................................................. 29
28. Lobes flat at tips or folded, not convex, usually yellow orange
or orange, spore isthmus 4-7 µm
................................................................................................................................
32
29. Spores citriform, lobe tips often branched, Europe
............................................. 30
29. Spores not citriform, lobe tips rarely branched
.................................................... 31
30. Cortex paraplectenchymatous
............................................................. C. thallincola
30. Cortex not paraplectenchymatous
........................................................ C. flavescens
31. Lobe tips yellow, cortex not paraplectenchymatous, spore
isthmus 1.4-2 µm .... C. lucens
31. Lobe tips red or orange, cortex paraplectenchymatous, spore
isthmus 2-3 µm, .........
..........................................................................................................................
C. ignea
32. With granules in medulla, some soluble in K, others insoluble
in K, thallus yellow orange, lobes appressed to substrate, thallus yellow or
yellowish orange, lobe tips not yellow pruinose ... 33
32. Without granules or crystals in medulla, thallus yellow or
yellow orange, lobe tips often yellow pruinose
.........................................................................................................
C. impolita
33. Apothecia common, disk often red, spore isthmus 5.6-7 um, oval cells
in parathecium, without convex areoles and phyllidia in center
...................................................... C. appressa sp. nov.
33. Apothecia rare, disk orange, spore isthmus 4.2-5.6 um,
radiating hyphae in paratheciaum, with convex areoles and phyllidia in center
......................................................... C.
texana sp. nov.
Date of last revision: 22 February, 1998
