[1.6.3]

[1.6.4] Douglas Kellner, Media Literacies and Critical Pedagogy in a Multicultural Society

[1.6.5] Martin Ryder: critical theorists: lots of links

[1.6.6] Cultural Studies database

[1.6.7] Media Reform: critical analysis of issues of media ownership

[1.6.8]

[1.6.9] Action Coalition for Media Education: lots of useful resources

[1.6.10] The Center for Public Integrity: watchdog organization on the media

[1.6.11] FAIR: Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting

[1.6.12] Freedom Forum: Focus on free speech/1st Amendment rights

[1.6.13] The Independent Media Center

[1.6.14] The Media Channel

[1.6.15] k.i.s.s. of the panopticon (Keep it simple stupid): cultural studies/critical theory perspectives on the media

[1.6.16]

[1.6.17]

[1.6.18] Radical Teacher

[1.6.19] Radical Pedagogy

[1.6.20] Rethinking Schools

[1.6.36] The Business of Media Violence Provides sales statistics and discusses how market forces encourage increasingly violent media imagery.

[1.6.37]

[1.6.38] The Influence of Media Violence on Youth Summarizes current scientific research and asserts there is unequivocal evidence that media violence increases the likelihood of aggressive and violent behavior in both immediate and long-term contexts.

[1.6.39] Marketing Violent Media to Children This 2004 report from the Federal Trade Commission to Congress provides a review of industry practices in the motion picture, music recording and electronic game industries.

[1.6.40] Media Violence as a Risk Factor for Children: A Longitudinal Study This study measures media exposure across TV, movies, and video games, and then notes over time any changes in verbal, relational, and physical aggression.

[1.6.41] Research on the Effects of Media Violence This 2003 article from the Media Awareness Network reviews key findings of research from the past few decades on the effects of media on violent behavior.

[1.6.42] TV Bloodbath: Violence on Primetime Broadcast TV This 2004 report from the Parents Television Council says that violence in primetime television is more frequent and violent than in measures for similar programming in 1998, 2000, and 2002.

[1.6.43]

[1.6.45] University of Texas and Harvard Children's Hospital research children’s TV viewing: Increased viewing time spend less time interacting with family.

[1.6.46] John Murray, Kansas State University, Studying Television Violence: A Research Agenda For The 21st Century

[1.6.47]

[1.6.50] This study of children’s TV viewing found modest adverse effects of television viewing before age three on the subsequent cognitive development of children. Zimmerman, F.J. & Christakis, D.A. (2005). Children's Television Viewing and Cognitive Outcomes: A Longitudinal Analysis of National Data. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 159, 619-625.

[1.6.51] Robin Close: Television and Language Development In The Early Years: A Review Of The Literature, Literacy Trust

[1.6.52] Michael Cohen Group’s its evaluation of the Media Education, Arts and Literacy Projects; students in the Intervention classes showed significantly greater gains in creative thinking, as assessed by the Torrance Test, than did children in the Control classes.

[1.6.53] The PBS site Growing with Media — designed primarily for parents, but useful for teachers — provides information on strategies for helping adolescents examine their own media uses.

[1.6.55] For further reading on issues of the influence of the media on behavior, see the 2003 Yearbook from the International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media, Promote or Protect? Perspectives on Media Literacy and Media Regulations, Edited by Cecilia von Feilitzen & Ulla Carlsson.