VARIATIONS OF SEX & GENDER:
SIX PHENOMENA FREQUENTLY CONFUSED

    This small book examines in careful detail
six concepts used in modern sexology,
which are often confused with one another.
If we manage to distinguish these six different phenomena
related to sex and gender,
we will have a better understanding of each:

    1. Biological sexes—genetically-given differences between males and females
        —and the social implications of being female, male, or intersex.

    2. Male/female self-designations—our self-concepts as boys/girls, men/women, or transsexual.

    3. Sex-roles—different behaviors expected because of being male or female.

    4. Gender-personalities—personal traits often associated with being 'masculine' or 'feminine'

    5. Sexual orientations—heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual.

    6. Cross-dressing—reasons for putting on the clothes of the other sex.


    The following table of contents links to the first page of each chapter.
(The complete text of Chapter 3 is linked here.)
The bibliographies linked are actually twice as long
as the 24 pages of reviews printed in the book.
Thus, more than half of the content of this book
is available free of charge on the Interent.
But readers who are most serious about any of these themes
will want to read the whole book.

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

INTRODUCTION       3

CHAPTER 1.   Variations of Biological Sex: Female, Male, or In Between?         
Seven Criteria for Determining the Sex of a Human Being       4
 
    1. Chromosomal Sex (XX, XY, or other).       4

    2. Gonadal Tissue (Ovaries or Testes).       4

    3. Hormonal Sex (Estrogen or Testosterone).       4

    4. Internal Reproductive Organs (Uterus or Prostate).       5

    5. External Genitals (Clitoris, Vulva, & Vagina or Penis & Scrotum).       6

    6. Assigned Sex and Sex of Rearing (Girl or Boy).       6

    7. Social & Legal Sex (Woman, Man, or Intersex).        6
 
Confusions Concerning the Origin of One's Biological Sex        8

CHAPTER 2.  Variations of Male/Female Self-Designation: Transsexualism:      
I Am a Boy; I Am a Girl; I Am a Man; I Am a Woman        9
 
Confusions Concerning Male/Female Self-Designation        13

CHAPTER 3.  Sex-Roles and their Variations:
Behavior Appropriate for Women and Behavior Appropriate for Men        15
 
The Gender-Pattern Chart        16

CHAPTER 4.  Gender-Personalities: Thousands of Possible Gender-Patterns        18
 
Confusions about Gender-Personalities       19 

    1. Biological Sex Does Not Create Gender-Personality.       19 

    2. Boys With 'Feminine' Personalities Do Not Become Gay.       20 

    3. Transsexualism is Not Caused by   
    Enculturation into the 'Opposite' Gender-Personality.       20


CHAPTER 5.  Variations of Sexual Orientation:   
Heterosexual, Homosexual, Bisexual       21 

Confusions about Sexual Orientation       22   

    1. "Sexual Orientation" Is Better than "Sexual Preference".       22 

    2. Gender-Personalities Do Not Create Sexual Orientation.       22 

    3. Most Homosexuals Are Not Transsexuals.       23 

    4. Transsexuals Are Not Homosexuals.       23 

    5. "Compulsory Heterosexuality" Is a Confused Concept.       24 


CHAPTER 6.  Transvestism: Eight Different Reasons for Cross-Dressing:
I Dress and Behave Like a Woman; I Dress and Behave Like a Man.       25 

    1. Comfort and Convenience Reasons for Dressing Like the Other Sex.       25 

    2. Practical Reasons for Dressing Like the Other Sex.       26 

    3. Women 'Passing' as Men.       27 

    4. Transsexual Reasons for Dressing Like the Other Sex.       28 

    5. Sex-Script Reasons for Cross-Dressing.       29 

    6. Homosexual Sex-Scripts that Call for Women's Clothing.       29 

    7. Female Impersonators Dress Like Women to Entertain.       30 

    8. Public vs. Private Cross-Dressing.       30
BIBLIOGRAPHIES

SEXOLOGY BIBLIOGRAPHY       31
   
VARIATIONS OF SEX & GENDER       36
   
1. INTERSEX BIBLIOGRAPHY       39

2. BOOKS ON TRANSSEXUALISM       42
   
3. SEX-ROLES BIBLIOGRAPHY       45
   
4. BEST BOOKS ON GENDER-PERSONALITY       46

5. BEST BOOKS ON SEXUAL ORIENTATION       48

6. CROSS-DRESSING BIBLIOGRAPHY       50

BEST BOOKS SUPPORTING THE SEX-SCRIPT HYPOTHESIS       51

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DETAILS:

AUTHOR: James Leonard Park
TITLE:  Variation of Sex & Gender
SUBTITLE:  Six Phenomena Frequently Confused
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CALL NUMBER:  xxxxxx)
NUMBER OF PAGES: 54
SIZE: 8-1/2 inches wide X 11 inches tall X 1/8 inch thick
PUBLISHER:  Existential Books
PUBLISHER'S WEBSITE:  http://www.existentialbooks.com
PUBLICATION DATE:  2009—1st edition
BINDING: Stapled in card-stock covers, with clear plastic outside
ISBN: 978-0-89231-xxx-x; paperback
WEBSITE FOR THIS BOOK:  http://www.tc.umn.edu/~parkx032/VSG.html
LIST PRICE:  $11 US (projected)
WHOLESALE PRICE: $5 US (projected)


Created May 2, 2008; Revised 5-7-2008; 1-9-2009; 1-11-2009

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